Credits to Teardrope from BnB, to thread einai c/p
Manga.Mia iapwnikh leksh me 2 ideogrammata pou simainei "aythormhtes, tuxaies, eikones" k prosdiorizei oxi mono to iapwniko comic alla k thn idiaiterh koultoura pou to sunodeuei.O oros "manga" emfanisthke sta telh tou 19ou aiwna k xrhsimopoihthike apo to megalo iapwna zwgrafo ths epoxhs Hokusai gia na xarasthrisei ta pio "elafra" k kwmika apo ta erga tou.
To iapwniko comic den moiazei me kanena allo.Oi hrwes tou exoun ksexwristo style.Ta matia tous einai terastia se sxesh me to proswpo tous, h muth k to stoma tous einai dusanaloga mikra - ektos apo thn periptash pou geloun me thn kardia tous, pou tote to stoma tous katalambanei sxedon olo to proswpo tous!- Ta mallia tous exoun ekswpragmatika xrwmata, enw oi silouetes antrwn k gunaikwn elaxista diaferoun metaksu tous.Ena einai sigouro : den prokutai na mperdepsete pote ena manga
me kapoio eurwpaiko i amerikaniko comic.
Mathimata -Manga- istorias
To manga katw apo thn epidrash tou americanikou comic, phre thn sugxronh morfh
Tou meta ton B� pagkosmio.To manga tou prwtou misou tou 20ou aiwna eixan kuriws kwmiko periexomeno k apeythinontan se oles tis ilikiakes omades.H epanastash sto xwro ksespase to 1947 me thn kukloforia tou manga �New treasure island� tou Tezuka Osamu, pou argotera anakhruxthike �theos tou manga� gia to sunolo ths prosforas tou.
To 1959 kukloforoun ta prwta evdomadiaia paidika periodika, sta opoia dhmosievontan metaksu allwn k manga.Ta prwta periodika gia neous kukloforhsan to 1967. Th dekaetia tou �70, ta manga gnwrisan isws thn xrush epoxh tous. Me thn aragwgh ths thleorashs k thn metafora tous se thleoptikes seires h tainies, ta prwta manga-anime franchises ektokseusan thn dhmotikothta k tis pwlhseis � periodikwn, vivliwn k allwn katanalwtikwn idwn sta ourania.H viomhxania gurw apo ta manga egine mia apo tis isxuroteres k tis pio prosodofores ths iapwnikhs oikonomias.
Th dekaetia tou �80, ta nea eidh manga k oi petuxhmenes thleoptikes k kinhmatografikes paragwges anime eferan akomh perissotero kosmo kathe ilikias konta sta iapwnika comic, ta opoia ekanan ta prwta genaia tous vhmata se alles xwres, opws oi H.P.A (USA).dhmofileis seires anime, opws to �Sailor Moon� k to �Robotech/Macross� gnwrisan terastia epituxia se Amerikh k Eurwph, kinwntas to endiaferon tou koinou oxi mono gia ta iapwnika cartoon alla k gia thn aspromaurh, entuph morfh tous, ta manga.H dekaetia tou �90 efere ena epanastatiko meso pou voithise thn eksaplwsh thn manga-manias se olo ton planhth, to diadiktuo (internet).
Fans apo kathe gwnia ths ghs mporousan mesw tou pagkosmiou istou na organwthous se clubs, na epikoinwnun k na antallasoun uliko k plirofories mesa apo sites, rings k forums.Polloi einai epishs oi Iapwnes kallitexnes pou asxolountai apokleistika me th dhmiourgia manga se �apoluto� iapwniko style (opws h Nina Werner k h Judith Park)
To megethos �k to sxhma- metraei!!!
Ta iapwnika periodika manga, evdomadiaia, dekapenthimera h mhniaia, diaferoun aisthita se emfanish apo ta antistoixa ston upoloipo kosmo.H prwth diafora einai sto megethos.Ta periodika ayta moiazoun perissotero me thlefwnikous katalogous h me ton Xruso odhgopara me periodika comic�.. afou exoun akrivws ayto to megethos k katalamvaoun apo 200 ews k 850 selides!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
H deyterh shmantikh diafora twn periodika k twn vivliwn manga, einai o tropos pou diavazontai. Antitheta me ta dutika entupa, ta iapwnika anoigoun k diavazontai apo deksia pros aristera,Me ton idio tropo diavazontai k ta keimena, k malista katheta k oxi orizontia.Ektos Iapwnias exoun ginei apopeires na ekdothoun manga metafrasmena k selidopoihmena kata ta dutika protupa, dld apo aristera pros ta deksia, kati pou de xaropoihse katholou oute tous iapwnes dhmiourgous (pou thewroun oti tetoies paremvaseis meiwnoun thn kallitexnika aksia twnergwn tous) oute tous iapwnes ekotes (pou den sumpathoun tis paremvaseis stis paragwges tous) oute tous mh iapwnes fans twn manga (pou niwthoun oti o eksamerikanismos/ekseurwpaismos twn manga einai varvaros k katastrofikos).
Ti xrwma einai:
Ta periodika manga afierwnoun apo 20 ews 40 selides ana teuxos se kathe seira,Epishs dhmosievoun aytoteleis istories, ta one-shots, k mikra comic twn tessarwn kare, pou legontai yonkoma.Ayta sxediazontai k diavazontai katheta apo panw pros ta katw, antitheta me ta dutika comic pou anaptussontai orizontia, apo ta aristera pros ta deksia.
Oi ekdotes twn periodikwn ksekinoun th sunergasia tous me tous mangaka dumosievontas one-shots h yonkoma.An ayta ta suntoma erga agaphthoun apo tous anagnwstes, tote oi ekdotes dinoun stous kallitexnes thn eukairia na proxwrhsoun me seires.Oi seires manga mporei na trexoun gia polla xronia, analogia me thn aphxhsh tous sto anagnwstiko koino.
Ta manga pou dhosievontai sta periodika einai ta megalutera merh tous aspromaura (an oxi ola).Ta ekswfulla tous einai fusika egxrwma k fantaxtera, opws k arketes apo tis selides tous oste na proselkuoun tous anagnwstes.To idio isxuei k gia ta vivlia manga.
Otan mia seira exei kukloforisei gia arketo kairo me epituxia, tote oi istories tou kukloforoun oles mazi se enan tomo se megethos bibliou tsephs,to legomeno tankoubon.Aytes oi ekdoseis einai pio prosegmenes poiotika k aisthitika, se antithesh me ta megala periodika, pou tupwnontai se aplo xarti k genika thewrountai analwsuma.To xarti einai kaluterhs poiothtes k h ektupwsh upsilou epipedou.To agorastiko koino twn tankoubon einai ekeinoi pou parakolouthoun mia sugkekrimenh seira manga k theloun na diavasoun ola ta epeisodia se ena vivlio h osoi vriskoun upervoliko to eksodo agoras evdomadiaiwn k mhniaiwn periodikwn.Polutelh tankoubon rixnontai sthn agora gia na proselkusoun to megaluterhs ilikias agorastiko koino , enw palioteres seires manga epanekdidontai se ftines ekdoseis. Ta tankoubon einai mikra se megethos wste na mporoun na metaferontai eukola k na diavazontai opiadhpote stigmh, giati oi iapwnes theloun na diavazoun ta manga tous panta k pantou!
Ta eidh tou Manga ana hlikia (vevaia paei k me thn orimothta tou mualou merikes fores
)
Kodomo -> gia paidia 6-11 etwn
Shoujo -> gia koritsia ews 18 etwn
Shounen -> gia agoria ews 18 etwn
Josei / Redicomi -> Gunaikes
Seinen -> Antres
Ta themata k h aisthitikh kathe idous antapokrinontai, fusika, stis epithumies k tis anagkes kathe ilikiakhs omadas.Gia paradeigma sta kodomo manga perigrafontai xaritwmenes h kwmikes peripeteies me hrwes paidia k efhvous, suxna me uperfusikes dunameis.Sta shoujo manga, sunantame omorfes kopeles pou maxontai to kako me tis magikes tous dunameis h pou antimetopizoun tis duskolies ths zwhs me dunamismo, isiodoksia k ena gluko xamogelo.
Sta shounen, ta opoia einai to dhmofilestero eidos, oi istories poikilloun apo peripeteies episthmonikhs fantasias k skoteinoun mesaiwnikous thrulous ews komika skets k istories apo ta pio dhmofilh spor opws basket podosfairo k baseball. Sta josei manga kuriarxoun oi romantikes istories agaphs me dunamikes prwtagwnistries k oi tolmires istories.Sta seinen, telos, oi istories aggizoun koinwnika i k politika themata parmena apo th sugxronh pragmatikothta k dosmena me realismo h parousiazoun skoteinouns mellontikous kosmous, opou mplekontai ta oria fantasia k pragmatikothtas.
Mou 'pane pws eisai manga....
Den uparxei periptwsh na deite mia eikona manga k na mhn thn anagnwrisete. To style, h aisthitikh, ola einai monadika. Kanena allo eidos comic pouthena ston kosmo den moiazei me to manga.Poia einai loipon ta stoixeia pou to kanoun na ksexwrizei?
Oi xarakthres: Oi hrwes k oi hrwhdes tou manga exoun polu ksexwristo style.Ta matia tous einai panta terastia se sxesh me to proswpo tous , h muth k to stoma tous, pali, einai dusanaloga mikra. TA mallia tous exoun ekswpragmatika xrwmata : kanarini, mov, fouksia, laxani, kokkino ths fwtias, aspra.... Oi kommwseis tou einai eksisou ekswfrenikes, me upervolika pukna k makria mallia h konta me entelws afusiko sxhma. Ta parapanw aforoun k ta 2 fula, k aytos o ermafroditismos einai allo ena xarakthristiko gnwrisma twn manga. Oi silouetes twn hrwwn k twn hrwidwn elaxista diaferoun metaksu tous.Oi morfes einai leptepileptes, psilolignes k ta xarakthristika twn fulwn upotipodh.Oi amhtoi anagnwstes suxna mperdeuoun tous arsenikous me tous thulikous xaraktires!!!
Oi ekfraseis:tha mporousan pote aytes oi asunithistes fusiognwmies na eixan "fusiologikes" ekfraseis? OXI!!!H uperbolh einai ayth pou xarakthrizei ektos apo thn emfanish k thn ekfrash twn xartinwn hrwwn mas.Etsi, otan enas hrwas manga einai xaroumenos k gela, to mikroskopiko stomataki tou anoigei diaplata, ginetai terastio k kaluptei sxedon olo to proswpo tou, enw
ta pelwria matia tou kleinoun k moiazoun me mikres xaramades.To gelio tou einai vrontero!!Otan enas hrwas omws lupatai k klaei, tote ta matia tou metatrepontai se kouvades pou ksexeilizoun dakrua h se vruses pou trexoun astamathta.... h se kataraxtes tou Niagara!!!!k an kapoios thumwsei, tote ginetai katakokkinos san patzari k kautoi atmoi petagontai gurw apo to swma tou!Kathe sunausthima alliwnei toso polu ton xarakthra pou to viwnei, wste na ton kanei sxedon agnwristo. Mia texnotropia
opou oi hrwes mikrainoun k apoktoun paidiastika k kwmika xarakthristika legetai chibi, dld "mikouri", "pitsiriki".
H afhghsh: Ta manga an k entupa afhgountai tis istories tous me tropo kinhmatografiko.Kathe kare (sta iapwnika koma) moiazei me kinhmatografiko plano me oloklirwmeno nohma k psuxologiko upovathro k sundeetai leitourgika me ta prohgoumena k ta epomena kare.H suntaksh k h seira me thn opoia diavazontai ta kare einai tetoia pou epitrepei thn aproskopth parakolouthish tou thematos, enteinontas parallhla ta sunaisthimata k thn psuxologikh taythsh tou anagnwsth me to ergo. Se ayth hn kinhmatografikou tupou afhghsh ofeiloun ta manga megalo meros ths dimothkothtas tous.
H ekdosh kai kukloforia twn manga: Ta manga spania ekdidontai apeutheias se ksexwristo vivlio. H megalh pleionothta tous dhmosieuetai se manga periodika megalhs kukloforias, suxna gia xronia. Oi pio epituxhmenes k dhmofileis seires vriskoun ton dromo tous pros thn ksexwristh ekdosh k kukloforoun se kalogousta k prosita vivlia tsephs (tankoubon).
Ps: elpizw na sas fanike endiaferon
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